Formula selection
We prefer internationally recognized definitions and primary standards, followed by established open educational references. Each calculator documents the equation and unit system it implements.
Implementation checks
Calculation code is separated from the interface and tested using known results, boundary conditions, inverse conversions, and invalid inputs. Visible formatting happens only after the calculation.
Editorial review
Worked examples are calculated independently and checked against the implemented tool. Pages carry a review date and are revisited when a cited standard or physical constant changes.
Corrections
If you identify an error, send the exact URL, inputs, expected result, and supporting reference through the contact page. Material corrections are prioritized over new content.
Last updated August 11, 2026.