Practical guide · 6 min read

Significant Figures and Rounding Rules

Report calculated results with precision that matches the measurements.

Significant figures communicate measurement precision rather than the calculator's display capacity.

01

Multiplication and division

Match the result to the factor with the fewest significant figures.

02

Addition and subtraction

Match the result to the least precise decimal place.

03

Round once

Carry extra digits through the work and round only the final value to avoid accumulated error.

Put it into practice

Try the related calculator

Use the method above with an interactive tool that keeps the equation and units visible.

Open calculator

Editorial note

This guide is educational. Examples are deliberately compact and cannot cover every model, course convention, or laboratory condition. See our methodology for how formulas and examples are reviewed.